ACETONITRILE
MSDS Number: A0518 --- Effective Date: 09/14/00
1. Product Identification
Synonyms: Methyl Cyanide; Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile;
Ethyl nitrile
CAS No.: 75-05-8
Molecular Weight: 41.05
Chemical Formula: CH3 CN
Product Codes:
J.T. Baker:
9011, 9017, 9018, 9019, 9020, 9021, 9035, 9255, 9392
Mallinckrodt: 0043,
2428, 2442, 2856, 6936, H076, H454, V070, V212
2. Composition/Information on Ingredients
Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous
--------------------------------------- ------------ ------- ---------
Acetonitrile 75-05-8 99.8 - 10 Yes
Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 < 0.001% No
3. Hazards Identification
Emergency Overview
--------------------------
DANGER! MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED, INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN.
AFFECTS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, LIVER AND KIDNEYS.
FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND
RESPIRATORY TRACT.
J.T. Baker SAF-T-DATA(tm)
Ratings (Provided here for your convenience)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Life)
Flammability Rating: 4 - Extreme
(Flammable)
Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight
Contact Rating: 1 - Slight
Lab Protective Equip: GOGGLES; LAB COAT; VENT HOOD; PROPER GLOVES; CLASS B
EXTINGUISHER.
Storage Color Code: Red (Flammable)
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Potential Health Effects
----------------------------------
In most cases, cyanide poisoning causes a deceptively healthy pink to
red skin color. However, if a physical injury or lack of oxygen is involved,
the skin color may be bluish. Reddening of the eyes and pupil dilation are
symptoms of cyanide poisoning. Cyanosis (blue discoloration of the skin) tends
to be associated with severe cyanide poisonings.
Inhalation:
Effects of overexposure are often delayed, possibly due to the slow
formation of cyanide anions in the body. These cyanide anions prevent the body
from using oxygen and can lead to internal asphyxiation. Early symptoms may
include nose and throat irritation, flushing of the face, and chest tightness.
Higher concentrations may produce headache, nausea, vomiting, respiratory
depression, weakness, blood changes, thyroid changes, irregular heart beat,
abdominal pain, convulsions, shock, unconsciousness and death, depending on
concentration and time of exposure. This highly toxic material has
insufficient warning properties to prevent personnel from working in
contaminated atmospheres.
Ingestion:
Gastric irritation may
occur. Other symptoms parallel those from inhalation exposure.
Skin
Contact:
May cause irritation. May be absorbed through skin with
health effects to parallel those of inhalation.
Eye Contact:
Splashes may cause eye irritation with redness and pain.
Chronic
Exposure:
Long term exposures may affect liver, kidneys, and central
nervous system.
Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions:
Workers
using cyanide should have preplacement and periodic medical exams. Those with
history of central nervous system, heart or lung diseases, or liver, kidney,
or thyroid problems may be more susceptible to the effects of this substance.
4. First Aid Measures
FOLLOWING ANY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
SERIOUS TOXICITY IS PRECEDED BY VOMITING IN MOST CASES OF ORAL INGESTION.
Although used in pre-hospital management of cyanide poisoning, amyl nitrite
inhalants have not been shown to be beneficial in managing acetonitrile
poisoning.
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If
breathing is labored or with coughing, give 100% supplemental oxygen. If not
breathing, begin artificial respiration. DO NOT GIVE MOUTH-TO-MOUTH
RESUSCITATION.
Ingestion:
If swallowed, get medical attention
immediately; do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. If not breathing, begin artificial respiration. DO NOT
GIVE MOUTH-TO-MOUTH RESUSCITATION.
Skin Contact:
Immediately
flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention immediately. Wash
clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.
Eye
Contact:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention
immediately.
Note to Physician:
Any patient with ingestion
or other significant exposure to acetonitrile should be observed in the
intensive care unit for 24 hours. In-Hospital Management: Consider gastric
lavage if patient is presented soon after ingestion. Administer charcoal
slurry with or without saline cathartic or sorbitol. Immediately begin therapy
with 100% oxygen. Observe for respiratory depression, seizures, hypotension or
pulmonary edema. Acetonitrile metabolizes into cyanide over 2 to 8 hours, so
symptoms or signs of toxicity may be delayed after significant exposures.
Consider cyanide antidote as clinically indicated, such as sodium thiosulfate
and sodium nitrate. Monitor cyanide levels, arterial blood gases, and
acid-base balance.
5. Fire Fighting Measures
Fire:
Flash point: 2C (36F) CC
Autoignition
temperature: 524C (975F)
Flammable limits in air % by volume:
lel: 4.4;
uel: 16.0
Flammable Liquid and Vapor! Contact with strong oxidizers may
cause fire.
Explosion:
Above flash point, vapor-air mixtures
are explosive within flammable limits noted above. Vapors can flow along
surfaces to distant ignition source and flash back. Sealed containers may
rupture when heated. Sensitive to static discharge.
Fire Extinguishing
Media:
Dry chemical, foam or carbon dioxide. Water spray may be used
to keep fire exposed containers cool.
Special Information:
In
the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved
self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in the
pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. If a leak or spill has not
ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors, to protect personnel
attempting to stop leak, and to flush spills away from exposures. May emit
toxic and flammable fumes of cyanide if involved in a fire.
6. Accidental Release Measures
Ventilate area of leak or spill. Remove all sources of ignition.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment as specified in Section 8.
Isolate hazard area. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering.
Contain and recover liquid when possible. Use non-sparking tools and
equipment. Collect liquid in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert
material (e. g., vermiculite, dry sand, earth), and place in a chemical waste
container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not flush to
sewer! If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the
vapors, to protect personnel attempting to stop leak, and to flush spills away
from exposures. Spills can be reacted in an alkaline hypochlorite solution to
produce cyanate and then neutralized. US Regulations (CERCLA) require
reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable
quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response
Center is (800) 424-8802.
J. T. Baker SOLUSORB(R) solvent adsorbent is
recommended for spills of this product.
7. Handling and Storage
Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry
well-ventilated location, away from any area where the fire hazard may be
acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles.
Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks.
Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use non-sparking type tools
and equipment, including explosion proof ventilation. Containers of this
material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues
(vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product.
Do Not attempt to clean empty containers since residue is difficult to remove.
Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind or expose such
containers to heat, sparks, flame, static electricity or other sources of
ignition: they may explode and cause injury or death.
8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Airborne Exposure Limits:
For Acetonitrile:
-OSHA
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL):
40 ppm (TWA)
-ACGIH Threshold Limit
Value (TLV):
40 ppm (TWA), 60 ppm (STEL), A4 - not classifiable as a human
carcinogen.
Ventilation System:
A system of local and/or
general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures below the Airborne
Exposure Limits. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it
can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing
dispersion of it into the general work area. Please refer to the ACGIH
document, Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practices,
most recent edition, for details.
Personal Respirators (NIOSH
Approved):
If the exposure limit is exceeded and engineering controls
are not feasible, wear a supplied air, full-facepiece respirator, airlined
hood, or full-facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus. Breathing air
quality must meet the requirements of the OSHA respiratory protection standard
(29CFR1910.134). This substance has poor warning properties. Where respirators
are required, you must have a written program covering the basic requirements
in the OSHA respirator standard. These include training, fit testing, medical
approval, cleaning, maintenance, cartridge change schedules, etc. See
29CFR1910.134 for details.
Skin Protection:
Wear impervious
protective clothing, including boots, gloves, lab coat, apron or coveralls, as
appropriate, to prevent skin contact.
Eye Protection:
Use
chemical safety goggles and/or a full face shield where splashing is possible.
Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area.
9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance:
Clear, colorless liquid.
Odor:
Ether odor.
Solubility:
Miscible in water.
Specific
Gravity:
0.79 @ 15C/4C
pH:
No information found.
% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F):
100
Boiling
Point:
81.6C (180F)
Melting Point:
-46C (-51F)
Vapor Density (Air=1):
1.4
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg):
73 @ 20C (68F)
Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1):
5.79
10. Stability and Reactivity
Stability:
Stable under ordinary conditions of use and
storage.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Burning may produce
fumes of cyanide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur
oxides.
Hazardous Polymerization:
Will not occur.
Incompatibilities:
Incompatible with oxidizing materials,
sulfuric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, n-fluoro compounds, nitrating
agents and perchlorates.
Conditions to Avoid:
Heat, flames,
ignition sources and incompatibles.
11. Toxicological Information
Oral rat LD50: 2460 mg/kg; skin rabbit LD50: 1250 uL/kg;
inhalation rat LC50: 7551 ppm/8H. Investigated as a tumorigen, mutagen,
reproductive effector.
--------\Cancer Lists\------------------------------------------------------
---NTP Carcinogen---
Ingredient Known Anticipated IARC Category
------------------------------------ ----- ----------- -------------
Acetonitrile (75-05-8) No No None
Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) No Yes 2B
12. Ecological Information
Environmental Fate:
When released into the soil, this
material may biodegrade to a moderate extent. When released into the soil,
this material is expected to leach into groundwater. When released into the
soil, this material may evaporate to a moderate extent. When released into
water, this material may biodegrade to a moderate extent. When released into
water, this material may evaporate to a moderate extent. This material has an
estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) of less than 100. This material is not
expected to significantly bioaccumulate. When released into the air, this
material is not expected to react with photochemically produced hydroxyl
radicals. When released into the air, this material may be removed from the
atmosphere to a moderate extent by wet deposition. When released into the air,
this material is expected to have a half-life of greater than 30 days.
Environmental Toxicity:
This material is not expected to be
toxic to aquatic life. The LC50/96-hour values for fish are over 100 mg/l.
13. Disposal Considerations
Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be
handled as hazardous waste and sent to a RCRA approved waste facility.
Processing, use or contamination of this product may change the waste
management options. State and local disposal regulations may differ from
federal disposal regulations. Dispose of container and unused contents in
accordance with federal, state and local requirements.
14. Transport Information
Domestic (Land, D.O.T.)
-----------------------
Proper Shipping Name: ACETONITRILE
Hazard Class: 3
UN/NA: UN1648
Packing Group: II
Information reported for
product/size: 350LB
International (Water, I.M.O.)
-----------------------------
Proper Shipping Name:
ACETONITRILE
Hazard Class: 3.2
UN/NA: UN1648
Packing
Group: II
Information reported for product/size: 350LB
15. Regulatory Information
--------\Chemical Inventory Status - Part 1\---------------------------------
Ingredient TSCA EC Japan Australia
----------------------------------------------- ---- --- ----- ---------
Acetonitrile (75-05-8) Yes Yes Yes Yes
Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) Yes Yes Yes Yes
--------\Chemical Inventory Status - Part 2\---------------------------------
--Canada--
Ingredient Korea DSL NDSL Phil.
----------------------------------------------- ----- --- ---- -----
Acetonitrile (75-05-8) Yes Yes No Yes
Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) Yes Yes No Yes
--------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 1\----------------
-SARA 302- ------SARA 313------
Ingredient RQ TPQ List Chemical Catg.
----------------------------------------- --- ----- ---- --------------
Acetonitrile (75-05-8) No No Yes No
Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) 100 10000 Yes No
--------\Federal, State & International Regulations - Part 2\----------------
-RCRA- -TSCA-
Ingredient CERCLA 261.33 8(d)
----------------------------------------- ------ ------ ------
Acetonitrile (75-05-8) 5000 U003 No
Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) 100 U009 No
Chemical Weapons Convention: No TSCA 12(b): No CDTA: No
SARA 311/312: Acute: Yes Chronic: Yes Fire: Yes Pressure: No
Reactivity: No (Mixture / Liquid)
WARNING:
THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS A CHEMICAL(S) KNOWN TO
THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA TO CAUSE CANCER.
Australian Hazchem
Code: 2WE
Poison Schedule: S7
WHMIS:
This MSDS
has been prepared according to the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products
Regulations (CPR) and the MSDS contains all of the information required by the
CPR.
16. Other Information
NFPA Ratings: Health: 2 Flammability: 3
Reactivity: 0
Label Hazard Warning:
DANGER! MAY BE FATAL
IF SWALLOWED, INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. AFFECTS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM,
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, LIVER AND KIDNEYS. FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. MAY
CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT.
Label
Precautions:
Do not breathe vapor or mist.
Do not get in eyes, on
skin, or on clothing.
Keep container closed.
Use only with adequate
ventilation.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Keep away from heat, sparks
and flame.
Label First Aid:
IN ALL CASES, CALL A PHYSICIAN
IMMEDIATELY. DO NOT GIVE MOUTH-TO-MOUTH RESUSCITATION Emergency response
personnel must take precautions to avoid contact with this substance. If
inhaled, remove to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If not
breathing give artificial respiration. If cough or difficulty in breathing
develops, administer 100% supplemental oxygen, as required. If swallowed, get
medical attention immediately; do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious person. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes or
skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Product Use:
Laboratory Reagent.
Revision Information:
MSDS Section(s)
changed since last revision of document include: 8, 11.
Disclaimer:
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Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc. provides the information contained herein in
good faith but makes no representation as to its comprehensiveness or
accuracy. This document is intended only as a guide to the appropriate
precautionary handling of the material by a properly trained person using this
product. Individuals receiving the information must exercise their independent
judgment in determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose.
MALLINCKRODT BAKER, INC. MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH RESPECT TO THE
INFORMATION SET FORTH HEREIN OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH THE INFORMATION REFERS.
ACCORDINGLY, MALLINCKRODT BAKER, INC. WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGES
RESULTING FROM USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THIS INFORMATION.
************************************************************************************************
Prepared by: Strategic Services Division
Phone Number: (314)
539-1600 (U.S.A.)