•Bred
vectors (BVs) and Lyapunov vectors (LVs)
are closely
related:
•
•BVs
with infinitesimal amplitude are identical to
leading LVs.
•
•BVs
are Finite-Amplitude, Finite-Time, whereas
LVs are infinitesimal, and are defined after
an infinite time
• Which ones are better for data assimilation
and
ensemble
forecasting?